Schlagwort: Sciencedayly
Researchers Find NTRK fusions more common than expected in pediatric tumors
16. Januar 2021
Researchers have found that NTRK fusions are more common in pediatric tumors and also involve a wider range of tumors than adult cancers, information that could help prioritize screening for NTRK fusions in pediatric cancer patients who might benefit from treatment with TRK inhibitors.
An unexpected, and novel, target for prostate cancer: Our biological clock
16. Januar 2021
Researchers find that CRY-1, a regulator of circadian rhythms, promotes tumor progression by altering DNA repair.
The role of T cells in fighting cancer
16. Januar 2021
Why do some hosts‘ immune systems reject tumors easily, while others have a harder time doing so? It depends on the types of the immune cells known as CD8 T cells and how a host’s specific T cells match up with the neoantigens present in the tumor.
Even skin shielded from the sun accumulates genomic DNA changes from UV light
16. Januar 2021
For the first time, scientists have measured the different types of genomic DNA changes that occur in skin cells, finding that mutations from ultraviolet (UV) light is especially common, but Black individuals have lower levels of UV damage compared to white people.
Researchers discover new inhibitor drug combination for rare form of cancer
16. Januar 2021
Researchers took the novel approach of targeting specific cell proteins that control DNA information using inhibitors, or drugs, that were effective in reducing the growth of the Waldenström macroglobulinemia cancer cells and when combined with a third drug were even more successful in killing the WM cancer cells which could lead to more treatment options.
Reverse engineering 3D chromosome models for individual cells
15. Januar 2021
A new computational technique that uses heat map data to reverse engineer highly detailed models of chromosomes and researchers have uncovered new information about the close spatial relationships that chromatin folding creates between genes.
Cancer models created by mechanical engineers offer new insight into tumor growth
15. Januar 2021
Engineers have developed in vitro — in the lab — lymphatic vessel model to study the growth of tumor emboli, collections of tumor cells within vessels that are often associated with increased metastasis and tumor recurrence.
Biochemical pathway that protects cells from ferroptosis discovered
15. Januar 2021
In an article published in Cell Metabolism, Moffitt Cancer Center researchers report on a newly discovered biochemical pathway that protects cells from a type of cell death called ferroptosis.
Cancer research reveals how mutations in a specific gene cause different types of disease
15. Januar 2021
Leading cancer expert solve long-standing question of how various types of mutations in just one gene cause different types of diseases.
Study demonstrates efficacy of new treatment for neurofibromatosis type 1-related tumors
15. Januar 2021
Based on preclinical studies of an investigational drug to treat peripheral nerve tumors, researchers have shown that the drug, cabozantinib, reduces tumor volume and pain in patients with the genetic disorder neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1).
New insights into the control of inflammation
14. Januar 2021
Scientists discovered that EGR1inhibits expression of pro-inflammatory genes in macrophages. The discovery expands the understanding of how macrophages are set off and deactivated in the inflammatory process, which is critical in many normal and pathological conditions.
The cancer microbiome reveals which bacteria live in tumors
14. Januar 2021
Biomedical engineers have devised an algorithm to remove contaminated microbial genetic information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). With a clearer picture of the microbiota living in various organs in both healthy and cancerous states, researchers will now be able to find new biomarkers of disease and better understand how numerous cancers affect the human body.
Scientists find antibody that blocks dengue virus
14. Januar 2021
A research team confirm an effective antibody that prevents the dengue virus from infecting cells in mice, and may lead to treatments for this and similar diseases.
Understanding how to improve antibodies targeting OX40 for the treatment of cancer
13. Januar 2021
Scientists have gained new insight into how the immune system can be better used to find and kill cancer cells.
Killing cancer by unleashing the body’s own immune system
13. Januar 2021
The body’s immune system is the first line of defense against infections like bacteria, viruses or cancers. Some cancers, however, have developed the art of molecular deception to avoid destruction by the body’s immune system. Now, a researcher might have found a new way to help the body’s immune system get past that deception and destroy the cancer.
Scientists develop method to more efficiently isolate and identify rare T cells
13. Januar 2021
Scientists have developed a technique that will enable researchers to more efficiently isolate and identify rare T cells that are capable of targeting viruses, cancer and other diseases.
New humanized mouse model provides insight into immunotherapy resistance
13. Januar 2021
Scientists have created an advanced humanized immune system mouse model that allows them to examine resistance to immune checkpoint blockade therapies in melanoma. It has revealed a central role for mast cells.
Higher coffee intake may be linked to lower prostate cancer risk
13. Januar 2021
Drinking several cups of coffee every day may be linked to a lower risk of developing prostate cancer, suggests a pooled data analysis of the available evidence.
One in five brain cancers fueled by overactive mitochondria
12. Januar 2021
A new study has found that up to 20% of aggressive brain cancers are fueled by overactive mitochondria and new drugs in development may be able to starve the cancers.
Cracking the code of a shapeshifting protein
12. Januar 2021
A shapeshifting immune system protein called XCL1 evolved from a single-shape ancestor hundreds of millions of years ago. Now, researchers have discovered the molecular basis for how this happened. In the process they uncovered principles that scientists can use to design purpose-built nanoscale transformers for use as biosensors, components of molecular machines, and even therapeutics.
New evidence of health threat from chemicals in marijuana and tobacco smoke
12. Januar 2021
Scientists have uncovered new evidence of the potential health risks of chemicals in tobacco and marijuana smoke.
Uncovering basic mechanisms of intestinal stem cell self-renewal and differentiation
12. Januar 2021
The gut plays a central role in the regulation of the body’s metabolism and its dysfunction is associated with a variety of diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, colitis and colorectal cancer that affect millions of people worldwide. Targeting endocrine dysfunction by stimulating the formation of specific enteroendocrine cells from intestinal stem cells could be a promising regenerative approach for diabetes therapy. For this, a detailed understanding of the intestinal stem cell lineage and the signals regulating the recruitment of intestinal cell types is critical.
Study identifies exposure to common food-borne pathogen linked to rare brain cancer
12. Januar 2021
A new study suggests a link between toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection and the risk of glioma, a type of brain cancer, in adults.
Novel RNA factors may help cancer cells thrive
11. Januar 2021
Recent work pinpoints critical changes in an enzyme known as DICER, which create a cascade of effects on this microRNAome. The team identified primary actors circ2082, a circular RNA, and RBM3, an RNA-binding protein, which form a complex with DICER to trap it in the nucleus of glioblastoma cells, therefore disrupting the cytoplasmic microRNAome.
Single-dose COVID-19 vaccine triggers antibody response in mice
9. Januar 2021
Researchers have developed a nanoparticle vaccine that elicits a virus-neutralizing antibody response in mice after only a single dose.