Anti-T-lymphocyte globulin (ATLG) for the prevention of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) reduces complications and infection-related mortality compared to post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from unrelated donors [1]. Although PTCy was associated with fewer cases of acute (Grade II–IV) and chronic GvHD, this did not result in a survival benefit for patients with blood cancer [1]. These initial results from the GRAPPA study were presented by DKMS as a late-breaking abstract at the European Hematology Association (EHA) Congress in Stockholm. Quelle: IDW Informationsdienst Wissenschaft

In rare cases, cancer treatments can cause serious long-term effects. These include so-called secondary leukemias. This form of blood cancer can develop when chemotherapy or radiotherapy damages the genetic material of healthy cells. A research team led by a scientist from Ulm has now discovered a molecular protective mechanism against such genomic damage: a peptide that can inhibit breaks in the DNA without compromising the curative effect of the actual cancer therapy. These findings could potentially help to make cancer treatments safer. The study was published in the renowned journal Nature Communications. Quelle: IDW Informationsdienst Wissenschaft

With the publication of the long-term data from the RELAZA2 study, a research program developed over many years by Dresden University Medicine for the treatment of leukemia patients, has reached an important milestone. The results demonstrate the potential of early, minimal residual disease (MRD)-guided therapy to delay or possibly prevent relapses. RELAZA2 is considered the world’s first MRD-triggered prospective study in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Quelle: IDW Informationsdienst Wissenschaft Hier jetzt das aktuell Außergewöhnliche auswählen …

Involving a collaboration with 118 investigators contributing from 89 institutions, scientists from the and Berlin Institute of Health at Charité (BIH) and the Precision Healthcare University Research Institute (Queen Mary University of London) have led the world’s largest study on the genetic regulation of >1,000 blood proteins which holds the potential to transform our understanding of different diseases and their treatment opportunities. Quelle: IDW Informationsdienst Wissenschaft Hier jetzt das aktuell Außergewöhnliche auswählen …

Forschende der Universität zu Köln zeigen, dass das Schlüsselprotein cFLIP für die Regulierung des programmierten Zelltods in Lymphomzellen entscheidend ist. Sie geben Einblicke in die Mechanismen, mit denen diese Krebsart den Zelltod umgeht. Das Ergebnis könnte neue Therapiemöglichkeiten für Patient*innen eröffnen, die auf bisherige Behandlungsoptionen nicht ansprechen / Veröffentlichung in „Blood“ Quelle: IDW Informationsdienst Wissenschaft Hier jetzt das aktuell Außergewöhnliche auswählen …

Researchers have discovered that a key protein, cFLIP, is essential for regulating programmed cell death in lymphoma cells. This discovery provides insights into the mechanisms of this cancer’s cell death evasion and could open up new therapeutic routes for patients who do not respond to therapies / publication in “Blood” Quelle: IDW Informationsdienst Wissenschaft Hier jetzt das aktuell Außergewöhnliche auswählen …

In einer Studie der Universitätsmedizin Mainz konnten Krebszellen bei akuter myeloischer Leukämie durch einen neu entdeckten Mechanismus gezielt geschwächt werden. Die Hemmung bestimmter Proteine, die die Genaktivität beeinflussen, löste eine starke Abwehrreaktion der Krebszellen aus. Diese Immunantwort ähnelte der einer Grippe, schwächte die Tumorzellen und konnte deren Zelltod auslösen. Mit immunstimulierenden Botenstoffen konnten die Forschenden diesen Effekt sogar verstärken. Langfristig könnten die Ergebnisse dazu beitragen, eine neue, gezielt entwickelte Kombinationstherapie für akute myeloische Leukämie zu entwickeln. Die Ergebnisse wurden in der Fachzeitschrift Blood veröffentlicht. Quelle: IDW Informationsdienst Wissenschaft Hier jetzt das aktuell Außergewöhnliche auswählen …

Researchers showed that the level of synaptic impairment seen in stem cell-derived neurons of schizophrenia patients, generated from blood samples, predicted their level of cognitive impairment. This is the first time that researchers could show an intraindividual mechanistic explanation for the individual degree of schizophrenia’s cognitive symptoms. Quelle: IDW Informationsdienst Wissenschaft Hier jetzt das aktuell Außergewöhnliche auswählen …

High-risk patients with acute pulmonary embolism can benefit from targeted ultrasound-facilitated, catheter-directed therapy, as demonstrated by a large international clinical study under the scientific leadership of the University Medical Center Mainz. The researchers investigated the efficacy of a minimally invasive procedure in which a thrombolytic (blood clot-dissolving) drug is administered directly into the pulmonary arteries via a special catheter while the clot is simultaneously treated with ultrasound energy. Compared to the previous standard therapy using blood-thinning medications only, mortality or life-threatening circulatory collapse was 61 percent lower. Quelle: IDW Informationsdienst Wissenschaft Hier jetzt das aktuell Außergewöhnliche auswählen …

Muhammad A Shah, Emily L Denton, Cheryl H Arrowsmith, Mathieu Lupien and Matthieu Schapira Abstract Background The notion that epigenetic mechanisms may be central to cancer initiation and progression is supported by recent next-generation sequencing efforts revealing that genes involved in chromatin-mediated signaling are recurrently mutated in cancer patients. Results Here, we analyze mutational and transcriptional profiles from TCGA and the ICGC across a collection 441 chromatin factors and histones. Chromatin factors essential for rapid replication are frequently overexpressed, and those that maintain genome stability frequently mutated. We identify novel mutation hotspots such as K36M in histone H3.1, and uncover…

Susanne Rittinghausen, Anja Hackbarth, Otto Creutzenberg, Heinrich Ernst, Uwe Heinrich, Albrecht Leonhardt and Dirk Schaudien Abstract Background Biological effects of tailor-made multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) without functionalization were investigated in vivo in a two-year carcinogenicity study. In the past, intraperitoneal carcinogenicity studies in rats using biopersistent granular dusts had always been negative, whereas a number of such studies with different asbestos fibers had shown tumor induction. The aim of this study was to identify possible carcinogenic effects of MWCNTs. We compared induced tumors with asbestos-induced mesotheliomas and evaluated their relevance for humans by immunohistochemical methods. Methods A total of 500…