Eye spots, color patterns that resemble the eyes of vertebrates, on butterfly wings are common in nature. A research team involving the Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB) and researchers in Mexico, Brazil and the US, have now identified a trend towards fewer and bigger eyespots in a group of tropical butterflies in a DNA-based study. The research also challenges other scientists to answer further questions such as: Why does evolution lead to the loss of eyespots and the enlargement of just one or two? Does one large patch act as a more intimidating signal than several small ones?