An international team of researchers, led by Professor Luca Gattinoni at the Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy (LIT), has developed an innovative mitochondrial transfer platform to supercharge CD8+ T cells, enabling them to overcome exhaustion and more effectively fight tumor cells.

The protein JUN plays a key role in restraining the cancer growth-promoting proteins YAP and TAZ, thereby helping to prevent uncontrolled cancer growth. The findings have now been published in the EMBO Journal under the title „A non-canonical repressor function of JUN restrains the activity of YAP and the growth of liver cancer“. The study was led by Dr. Björn von Eyss, who heads the research group „Transcriptional Control of Tissue Homeostasis“ at the Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute in Jena.

Synthetic immunology, an innovative field of research which could lead to fundamentally new approaches and methods in the treatment of infectious diseases and cancer, is the topic of an article in the “Perspectives” section of the journal “Nature Nanotechnology”. Herein, Heidelberg researchers Prof. Dr Kerstin Göpfrich, Prof. Dr Michael Platten, Prof. Dr Friedrich Frischknecht, and Prof. Dr Oliver T. Fackler describe a so-called bottom-up approach that uses the toolbox of nanotechnology and synthetic biology to construct systems from molecular building blocks and specifically equip them with immune functions.

New AI-based digital platform enables extremely fast and accurate analysis of tissue sections from lung cancer patients / publication in ‘Cell Reports Medicine’

Researchers at the Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy (LIT), University Hospital Regensburg (UKR) and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) have engineered CD8+ T cells to artificially express the gene LMO4, thereby enhancing their effectiveness against tumors.

The motto of this year’s World Hepatitis Day, proclaimed annually on 28 July by the World Health Organisation (WHO), is “It’s time to act“. Hundreds of millions of people worldwide are affected by chronic viral hepatitis, which can lead to severe liver disease and cancer. The five main types of hepatitis viruses infecting humans—A, B, C, D and E—together are responsible for 1.3 million deaths and 2.2 million new infections per year. Of these, the hepatitis B virus causes most cases of persistent infections and deaths.

A distinct signaling pathway called TNF-α drives the transformation of epithelial cells into aggressive tumor cells. During cancer progression, cells activate their own TNF-α program and become invasive. This finding could help to improve early detection and treatment of patients with cancers in skin, esophagus, bladder or colon, as UZH researchers state.

Deutsche Krebshilfe fördert das Universitäre Centrum für Tumorerkrankungen Mainz (UCT Mainz) für weitere vier Jahre als Comprehensive Cancer Center

Several million cells divide every second in our bodies. During nuclear division (mitosis), the genetic material must be distributed correctly and completely between the daughter cells – errors in this process can lead to defective developments or genetic disorders, and many cancer cells are also characterised by unequal numbers of chromosomes. Therefore, if errors in the division process become apparent, the cell can stop it. Biologists at the University of Duisburg-Essen have been able to elucidate this process at a molecular level. The scientific journal ‘Current Biology’ has published their findings

Researchers at the University of Würzburg, led by Caroline Kisker in cooperation with Claudia Höbartner, discovered how the protein XPD detects a severe DNA damage and controls its repair.

A study by Goethe University Frankfurt points to the possibility that thalidomide derivatives are potentially suitable for treating cancer. Thalidomide was marketed in the 1950s as a sleeping pill. It later gained sad notoriety for causing severe fetal abnormalities in the early stages of pregnancy. It is meanwhile known that the molecule marks proteins in the cell for degradation. For the current study, the researchers produced thalidomide derivatives. They were able to show that these influence the degradation of proteins responsible for the survival of cancer cells.

Freiburger Forscher*innen haben einen Weg gefunden, wie die Wirkung der zellbasierten CAR-T-Zell-Therapie bei einer Leukämie verstärkt und die Nebenwirkungen reduziert werden könnte / Veröffentlichung in Nature Cancer

An international group of noise experts from the Copenhagen Cancer Institute (Denmark), the Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Philadelphia (USA) and the Department of Cardiology at the Mainz University Medical Center have analyzed recent epidemiological data and found strong evidence that transportation noise is closely linked to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. As a result, the researchers call for traffic noise to be recognized as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The results of their analyses were published today in the renowned journal of the American Heart Association, Circulation Research.

DKMS emphasizes its commitment to blood cancer research, supports young scientists, and recognizes outstanding research achievements in the field of stem cell transplantation.

The transition from the esophagus to the stomach is a delicate region from a medical point of view, often associated with pathological disorders leading to cancer. An international research team has now gained new insights into this region. These pave the way for new prevention and treatment options.

Short-term cultivated, individualised immune cells (CAR T cells) are currently being developed as a therapeutic option for patients with blood cancer. A research team from the Paul-Ehrlich-Institut has shown with mouse and cell models that these cells carry a higher risk for cytokine release syndrome than conventional CAR T cells. The cytokine release is caused by residual components of vector particles on the CAR T cells and is independent of tumour cells. Careful consideration of the safety of this innovative treatment is required to minimise risks to patients. EMBO Molecular Medicine reports on the results in its issue dated 21 March 2024.

Krebs-Therapien mit so genannten „Immuncheckpoint-Inhibitoren“ (ICI) sind inzwischen weit verbreitet, doch ihre Langzeitwirkungen noch kaum erfasst. Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler aus dem Deutschen Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ) haben nun
erstmals systematisch Studien zu den Langzeitfolgen dieser Therapien zusammengefasst. Ein signifikanter Anteil der Cancer Survivor berichtet über eingeschränkte Lebensqualität und unerwünschte Nebenwirkungen der Therapie. Allerdings sei noch wesentlich detaillierteres Wissen über die Langzeiteffekte der ICI erforderlich, betonen die Forschenden, um den Betroffenen die bestmögliche Nachsorge zu bieten.

Raucher:innen und Konsument:innen von E-Zigaretten teilen nicht nur eine Gewohnheit, sondern auch ähnliche, mit Krebs assoziierte Veränderungen an Zellen, so eine neue Studie von Wissenschaftler:innen der Universität Innsbruck und dem University College London (UCL), veröffentlicht in der Fachzeitschrift Cancer Research.

Epigenetic changes play important roles in cancer, metabolic and aging-related diseases, but also during loss of resilience as they cause the genetic material to be incorrectly interpreted in affected cells. A major study by scientists at Helmholtz Munich published in ’Nature’ now provides important new insights into how complex epigenetic modification signatures regulate the genome. This study will pave the way for new treatments of diseases caused by faulty epigenetic machineries.

The waste system of living cells, the proteasome, not only shreds disused or damaged proteins. It also supports the immune system in recognizing virally infected or cancerous cells by producing protein fragments, so-called immunopeptides. In an international collaboration, researchers led by Juliane Liepe at the Max Planck Institute (MPI) for Multidisciplinary Sciences have now simulated protein degradation by the proteasome in the laboratory and identified and quantified the peptides thereby produced. In future, the resulting data set could help predict immunopeptides and develop new vaccines against infectious diseases or cancer.

Mehr als 2.000 Kinder und Jugendliche in Deutschland erkranken jährlich an Krebs. Wenn ein Kind oder ein Elternteil die Diagnose Krebs erhält, hat dies Auswirkungen auf das gesamte Familienleben. Das Universitäre Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH) des Universitätsklinikums Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE) hat daher eine psychosoziale Beratungsstelle für an Krebs erkrankte Kinder, Jugendliche und junge Erwachsene sowie deren Familien eingerichtet. Anlässlich des Internationalen Kinderkrebstags am 15. Februar informiert Priv.-Doz. Dr. Gabriele Escherich, Oberärztin in der Klinik für Pädiatrische Hämatologie und Onkologie des UKE, über das neu geschaffene Angebot.

Scientists from University Hospital Cologne have developed a procedure in the laboratory that effectively fights the affected cells in lymphoma cancer, but does not damage healthy immune cells, which is often the case with comparable therapies / publication in ‘Cell Reports Medicine’

Researchers at the BioMed X Institute and the Universitätsmedizin Mannheim just published the results of their collaboration around a new neoepitope vaccine in diffuse midline glioma in Science Advances.

A precursor of cholesterol, previously categorised as harmful, can protect cancer cells from cell death. This finding, published in Nature, opens new doors for cancer research.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. The development of breast cancer often originates from epithelial cells in the mammary gland – the very cells that specialise in milk production during and after pregnancy. A team of researchers from Friedrich Schiller University Jena (Germany), the university in Shenzhen (China) and Jena University Hospital (Germany) has taken a closer look at this specialisation process and deciphered a molecular mechanism that also appears to play an important role in cancer development. It may be possible to develop new diagnostic procedures and treatment methods for breast cancer based on these research findings.