Gilles Laurent has made fundamental discoveries about how large groups of brain cells function in a dynamic and coordinated way. By integrating comparative, evolutionary, functional, and molecular neuroscience with computational theory, he has shaped the modern understanding of neuronal populations. In 2025, the Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine, which honors excellence in biomedical and basic research, will be awarded to Gilles Laurent, director of the MPI for Brain Research in Frankfurt, and Veit Hornung, professor at LMU Munich. The prize, endowed with 500,000 francs each, will be presented in Geneva on April 9, 2025.