With the publication of the long-term data from the RELAZA2 study, a research program developed over many years by Dresden University Medicine for the treatment of leukemia patients, has reached an important milestone. The results demonstrate the potential of early, minimal residual disease (MRD)-guided therapy to delay or possibly prevent relapses. RELAZA2 is considered the world’s first MRD-triggered prospective study in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML).